The experimental results indicate that isothermal superplastic welding belongs to the little deformation welding and its deformation is mainly expression of strain accumulating to time that the finer the structure before welding the larger the welding joint deformation .

试验结果表明：恒温超塑焊接属小变形 焊接，其接头变形主要表现为 应变的时间积累。

Experimental studies and numerical analyses on spot welding flake strain sensors

点焊薄片 应变传感器的数值分析与实验研究

On this basis welding stress and strain field were calculated and a reference for reducing the welding residual stress and deformation was proved through optimization of the welding sequence .

在此基础上进行 焊接应力场和 应变场的计算，并通过对焊接线能量、约束、焊接顺序的优化，为减小焊接变形提供了参考。

In this paper the similitude temperature field is considered as prerequisite to the similitude stress and strain fields because welding heat effect is the essential reason for residual strain and stress .

从 焊接热效应为焊接残余应力和残余 变形的根本原因出发，认为相似温度场是相似应力场及应变场的前提。

Determination of Residual Stresses in Welding Vessel by Nondestructive Strain Gauge Analysis

无损 电测解析法测定 焊接容器的残余应力

Various finite element models are established to simulate different welding phases of temperature field stress field and strain field .

借助修改已建立的有限元数值模型，探讨了利用 激光辅助 加热 的 方法 改善 焊接温度场的可行性。

Equivalent Plastic Compressive Deformation in Solid-State Welding and Analysis of Stress and Strain

固态 焊接中的等效压缩变形及应力 应变分析

Numerical simulation of the temperature field distribution for hot-wire TIG welding process not only provides the premise of analyzing welding metallurgy welding stress and strain and others but also offer some key data and important theoretical evidence to the process optimization and intelligent control of welding process .

热丝TIG焊温度场的数值模拟不但为焊接冶金分析、 焊接应力 应变分析等提供了前提，而且为焊接工艺优化设计和焊接过程的智能控制提供关键的基础数据和重要的理论依据。

A new method of controlling welding residual stress and strain by electromagnetic forces is put forward in order to solve the deformation of welding with thin plates which based on the theory of electromagnetic and the formation mechanism of welding residual stress and strain .

为了解决薄板焊件的变形问题，本文基于电磁原理和焊接残余应力应变的形成机理，提出了一种基于电磁力控制 薄板 焊 件的残余应力 应变的方法。

With the increase of the translation velocity of the pin the flow of the material in friction stir welding becomes faster but the equivalent plastic strain decreases .

随着搅拌头平移速度的增加，垂直于 焊缝方向上的截面上，等效塑性 应变减小，但是材料的流动速度会随之增加。

Transient welding strain measurement by Moire technique

焊接瞬态 热 应变的云纹测试

Meanwhile the test and theoretical calculation are proceeding on the welding residual strain as well as match basically well with the results of numerical simulation and testify the results of the numerical simulation .

同时对 焊接残余 应变进行了试验测量与理论计算，试验结果和理论计算结果与数值模拟结果也基本吻合，验证了对 焊接 残余 应变的数值模拟的正确性。

Prediction of deformation of large welding fabrication based on inherent strain

基于固有 应变的大型 焊接结构变形的预测

The welding strain of the four pieces of examination was tested respectively and after importing the data into computer the welding strain curve under the different anneal temperature was gotten .

对四块试件分别测试了各自的 焊接 应 力，并将测试数据输入计算机得到了不同退火温度下的试件的焊接应力曲线；

Effect of welding procedure on welding residual stress and strain

焊接过程对 焊接残余应力及 残余 变形的影响

The temperature field of welding workpiece determines the stress field and strain field and it is also the main factor affecting the weld quality and production rate .

焊接工件的温度场决定了焊接应力场和 应变场，是影响焊接质量和生产率的主要因素。

Other factors include : welding metallurgy quality direction of the main strain ratio of thickness ratio of intension location of welding line displacement of welding line etc.

铝 合金 拼 焊 板技术还存在许多问题，如 成形 极限、起皱、回弹、焊缝位移、焊接质量等有待研究；

Therefore the simulation system which simulates the welding thermal process welding residual stress and strain of typical aircraft components has been designed .

为此，本文设计了典型飞机构件焊接热过程/应力/ 应变模拟系统，协助焊接工程师完成实体建模、网格划分、 焊接工艺过程设计 及焊接过程模拟仿真。

Prediction of Welding Distortions Based on Theory of Inherent Strain by FEM and Its Application

固有 应变有限元法预测 焊接变形理论及其应用

If welding process programming is unreasonable welding residual strain may lead to inadequate camber or even cause the deflection which will affect the safe operation of cranes seriously and lead to the personal and property safety hazard .

如果焊接工艺设计不适当， 焊接残余 变形有可能导致拱度不足，甚至引起下挠，这会严重影响起重机的安全运行，对人身和财产安全造成危害。

Three-dimensional finite element analysis model is developed to simulate welding temperature field stress and strain field .

建立了T型 接头 焊接温度场与应力 应变场的三维有限元分析模型。

Prediction of Welding Deformations of Ship Structures Based on Inherent Strain

基于固有 应变的船体分段 焊接变形预测

Based on electromagnetic ( EM ) induction law a new method of controlling welding stress and strain during welding with trailing impact EM force ( WTIEF ) is put forward to control the welding hot crack and distortion .

基于电磁感应原理，针对焊接热裂纹和焊接变形问题，提出了一种在焊接过程中基于电磁力作用（WTIEF）控制 焊接应力 应变的方法。

Determing Residual Stressed of the Metal Welding Joints by the Hole-Drilling Strain Gage Method

用钻孔 应变计法测定金属 焊接接头的残余应力

A new attempt : determine the welding criterion under special welding condition by the resistance strain method

一种新尝试& 电 测 应 变法确定特殊 焊接条件下的焊接施工规范

Welding residual stress is determined by welding temperature field directly through thermal strain and indirectly through changes of metal phase and microscopic structure . So analysis of welding temperature field is the prerequisite of research on welding stress and strain .

焊接温度场不仅直接通过热应变，而且还间接通过随金属状态和显微组织变化引起的相变、应变决定焊接残余应力，因而对焊接温度场的研究是 焊接应力 应变分析的前提。

The result shows that when the turn number of coil is increasing or the gap distance between coil and workpiece is decreasing the electromagnetic impact force will become increase . The welding residual stress and strain will decrease with charging voltage charging capacitor and impact frequency increased .

实验结果表明电磁的冲击力随着线圈的匝数的增加和线圈-工件间隙的减小而增加，随着充电电压、电容和冲击次数的增加 对焊 件 的 变形和残余应力的 控制效果越好。

Research of large complicated structure welding deformation prediction based on inherent strain methods

大型船舶结构 焊接变形固有 应 变法预测研究

On the other hand electric current supported laser welding can reduce the strain hardening index of the weld joint and change the fracture mode .

同时相关计算表明电流辅助激光 焊接可降低接头 应变硬化指数，从而改变接头断裂方式。

Approximate modification method of welding stress determination by impact indentation strain method

压痕 应 变法测量 焊缝应力时的近似修正方法