Results show that the temperature drop in the process of tapping can be dramatically checked by lowering the tapping temperature minimizing the tapping time and raising the temperature of ladle lining .

研究结果表明，降低 出钢 温度、缩短出钢时间、提高钢包内衬温度可显著减少出钢过程钢水温降。

Based on the analysis of the factors which affect the temperature drop of molten steel from BOF tapping to the continuous casting a mathematical model for molten steel temperature is presented in this paper .

在分析从转炉 出钢到连铸浇注的各阶段钢水温度变化及其影响因素的基础上，建立了钢水过程 温度 变化的数学模型。

Study on Relationship between Casting Speed and Liquid Level and Mould Tapping Temperature

拉速液位与结晶器 出钢 温度的关系研究

The results suggest that the corrosion of refractory decreases with CaO / SiO2 ratio of slag increasing and tapping temperature dropping .

结果表明：渣碱度增加和 出钢 温度降低都使耐材侵蚀降低。

Way to lower the tapping temperature of converter

降低转炉 出钢 温度的途径

The appropriate tapping temperature and composition designed for primary melting GH1040 base metal in arc furnace provide necessary energy for VOD refining .

设计的初炼炉出钢成分及其 出钢 温度，为GH1040母材在VOD精炼过程中提供了所需要的热能。

The present paper has analyzed the distribution of molten steel temperature temperature drop and drop rate during tapping studied the factors governing the temperature drop and established a mathematical model of molten steel temperature changes during tapping .

统计分析了涟钢20t氧气顶吹转炉的出钢温度、出钢过程钢水温降、 出钢过程钢水温降速率等的分布状况，研究了影响出钢 过程钢水 温降的因素，建立了出钢过程钢水温度变化数学模型。

: The metal tapping and slagging protection method and metal temperature keeping protection method as well as their application scope was described .

介绍了 连续 出铁 出渣冲天炉故障时的两种防护方法及其应用范围。

The result indicates that it is conducive to enhance the manganese recovery ratio by increasing the carbon content at the finishing-spot decreasing the tapping temperature FeO content in slag roughing slag in tapping properly controling tapping time under the current processing conditions .

结果表明，在现行生产工艺条件下，提高终点碳含量，降低 出钢 温度、渣中（%FeO）含量和出钢下渣量，合理控制出钢流钢时间，有利于提高Mn元素的回收率。

The refractory consumption rate has been reduced by lowering tapping temperature by about 20 ℃ .

转炉 出钢 温度降低了20℃左右，大大降低了耐火材料消耗；

Prediction of Tapping Temperature of Hot Metal in Converter

转炉 钢水 出钢 温度的预测

According to numerical simulation and molten steel solidification mechanism in the paper the restrict relationship had been setup between casting speed and molten steel level and average mould tapping section thickness as well as its shell temperature at tapping spout .

本文基于数值模拟和钢液凝固机理，建立起结晶器内钢液液位和铸坯拉速对其 出钢口处钢液截面平均温度和坯壳 温度的制约关系。

If a means of sealing the shell tapping is provided it shall be suitable for the full pressure / temperature rating of the valve .

如果提供了用于密封筒形 丝锥的工具，这个 工序必须适用于阀门所有压力/ 度等级。

These numerical results coincide with the detected values which is helpful to laying down the regulation of ladle preheating and the temperature correction during tapping and optimizing the temperature control during refining .

定量结果的获得，将有助于制定合理的钢包预热制度、 出钢温度补正制度，也有助于在LF及VD精炼期间根据不同的钢包状态进行合理的 温度控制。

Mould Tapping Temperature is essential parameter for steel shell .

结晶器 出钢 温度是结晶器内钢水坯壳厚度判别的一项重要衡量指标。

The Research of Tapping Temperature Control Realization for Mould Based on FLUENT

基于FLUENT的结晶器 出钢 温度控制的研究

The principle of adjustment of splash slag composition was established by this discussion . The controlling of splash slag quantity the tapping temperature the nitrogen pressure and flux the lance height in splashing slag and the rate of splashing slag were analyzed too in this .

确立了溅渣调渣原则，对转炉留渣量、 出钢 温度、氮气压力和流量、溅渣枪位与时间、溅渣率等工艺参数的控制进行了分析。

The mathematical model in heating furnace is set up for calculating billet tapping temperature according to billet heterogeneity specification and opening rolling temperature .

根据钢坯的种类、规格、开轧温度，通过建立的数学模型计算了钢坯的 出炉 温度。

The effects of the technical parameters e.g. tapping temperature choice of ladle nozzle diameter flow of melt steel side dam strip casting speed roll pressure protective gas et al on quality of casting strip have been investigated .

同时对 出钢 温度、钢包水口直径的选择、布流形式、侧封技术、铸带速度、轧制力、保护气氛等工艺参数对铸带质量的影响进行了研究。

A lot of experiments prove that vibration tapping can obtain high quality in the processing interior thread and cutting strength is little cutting temperature is low and processing efficiency is higher .

诸多实验证明，振动 攻丝可以获得高质量的内螺纹加工 表面，并具有切削力小、切削 温度低、 丝锥不易 折断、加工效率高等优点。

Strengthening scientific management to tapping at lower temperature for small converter and high-speed casting for small caster

强化科学管理实现小转炉 低温 出钢和小连铸高速浇注

Reducing Tapping Temperature to Realize Continuous Casting at Low Overheating Temperature

降低 出钢 温度实现低过热度连铸

Mg sample preparation for AFM was fixed on mica and AFM images of scanning observation were captured by contacting and tapping modes and operated under normal atmospheric pressure and temperature .

将标本固定于云母上，在接触及 轻敲模式下扫描成像，操作在 常温常压下进行。

Experiments have been made on the melting effects of Zhenjiang coke in cupola . The results obtained are analyzed in detail : with coke consumption of 7.4 % average tapping temperature may reach as high as 1500 ℃;

用镇江焦做冲天炉熔炼效果试验，经过全面测量证明：在焦耗7.4%时可获得1500℃以上的平均 铁水 温度；

The measures on improving the cleanliness of molten steel such as rational burden of EAF for temperature of steel tapping enough holding time of refining suitable top casting temperature protective casting and perfecting the process control are put forth .

提出了通过电炉合合理配料，保证 出钢温度；精炼保证足够的镇静时间，确保合适的上连铸 温度和连铸执行保护浇注及完善生产过程控制提高钢水洁净度的措施。

The tapping temperature curve obtained by the mathematical model accords well with the tapping temperature curve obtained by black casket test so various billet tapping temperature can be forecasted by the mathematical model .

经黑匣子实验验证，该模型计算的 出炉 温度曲线与黑匣子测试的出炉温度曲线拟合很好，所以可用此模型预测不同钢坯的出炉温度。