Comparison of Tramadol with Morphine in Patient-Controlled Epidural Analgesia after Thoracolaparotomy

曲马多与吗啡在 胸 腹 双 切口 术后病人硬膜外自控镇痛的临床效果比较

Objective To study left thoracolaparotomy and left cervical approach in radical esophagectomy of distal esophageal carcinoma .

目的探讨 改良 式左 胸 腹 联合左颈 二切口在食管下段癌根治术中的应用。