The evaluating method of sputtering cleanout effect on metal target surface by volt-ampere characteristic of target cathode has been given which provides effective approach to eliminate target poisoning .

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The catalytic effectiveness factor of methanol synthesis catalyst subjected to surface poisoning

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Measurement of adsorption and surface reaction rates and the properties of active sites by dynamic poisoning technique

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Extensive electrochemistry and surface science researches have demonstrated that small Pt ensembles could facilitate the direct reaction path in formic acid electrooxidation while the formation of CO poisoning intermediate need much larger Pt ensembles .

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